.\" $OpenBSD: wscons.4,v 1.17 2008/06/26 05:42:07 ray Exp $
.\" $NetBSD: wscons.4,v 1.11 2000/04/13 11:14:42 is Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1999 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.Dd $Mdocdate: June 26 2008 $
.Dt WSCONS 4
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm wscons
.Nd console access
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Cd option WSEMUL_SUN
.Cd option WSEMUL_NO_VT100
.Cd option WSEMUL_DEFAULT=\&"xxx\&"
.Cd option WS_KERNEL_FG=WSCOL_XXX
.Cd option WS_KERNEL_BG=WSCOL_XXX
.Cd option WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_PCVT
.Cd option WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_SYSCONS
.Cd option WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_USL
.Cd option WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_RAWKBD
.Pp
.Cd "wsdisplay* at ..."
.Cd "wskbd*     at ... mux N"
.Cd "wsmouse*   at ... mux N"
.Pp
.Cd "pseudo-device wsmux" Op Ar count
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
driver provides support for machine-independent access to the console.
.Pp
.Nm
is made of a number of cooperating modules, in particular
.Bl -bullet
.It
Hardware support for display adapters, keyboards and mice; see
.Xr wsdisplay 4 ,
.Xr wskbd 4 ,
and
.Xr wsmouse 4 .
.It
Input event multiplexor; see
.Xr wsmux 4 .
.It
Terminal emulation modules (see below).
.It
Compatibility options to support control operations and other low-level
behaviour of existing terminal drivers (see below).
.El
.Ss Terminal emulations
.Nm
does not define its own set of terminal control sequences and special keyboard
codes in terms of
.Xr termcap 5 .
Instead, a
.Dq terminal emulation
is assigned to each virtual screen when the screen is created (see
.Xr wsconscfg 8 ) .
Different terminal emulations can be active at the same time on one display.
.Pp
The following choices are available:
.Bl -tag -width vt100
.It dumb
This minimal terminal support is always available.
No control sequences are supported besides the ASCII control characters.
The cursor is not addressable.
Only ASCII keyboard codes will be delivered, cursor and functions keys
do not work.
.It sun
The
.Dq sun
console emulation is available by default on sparc and sparc64 architectures,
or if
.Cd option WSEMUL_SUN
was specified at kernel build time.
It supports the control sequences of
.Tn SUN
machine consoles and delivers its keyboard codes for function and
keypad keys (as far as present on the actually used keyboard).
.Pp
ANSI colors are also supported on this emulation, if the
.Ev TERM
environment variable is set to
.Ar rcons-color .
.Pp
This emulation is sufficient for full-screen applications.
.It vt100
is available by default, but can be disabled with
.Cd option WSEMUL_NO_VT100 .
It provides the most commonly used functions of
.Tn DEC VT100
terminals with some extensions introduced by the
.Tn DEC VT220
and
.Tn DEC VT320
models.
The features of the original
.Tn VT100
which are not, or not completely, implemented are:
.Bl -bullet
.It
.Tn VT52
support, 132-column-mode, smooth scroll, light background, keyboard
autorepeat control, external printer support, keyboard locking,
newline/linefeed switching: Escape sequences related
to these features are ignored or answered with standard replies.
(DECANM, DECCOLM, DECSCLM, DECSCNM, DECARM, DECPFF, DECPEX, KAM, LNM)
.It
Function keys are not reprogrammable and fonts can not be downloaded.
DECUDK and DECDLD sequences will be ignored.
.It
Neither C1 control set characters will be recognized nor will 8-bit keyboard
codes be delivered.
.It
The
.Dq DEC supplemental graphic
font is approximated by the ISO-latin-1 font, though there are
subtle differences.
.It
The actual rendering quality depends on the underlying graphics
hardware driver.
Characters might be missing in the available fonts and be
substituted by more or less fitting replacements.
.Pp
Depending on the keyboard used, not all function keys might be available.
.El
.Pp
In addition to the plain
.Tn VT100
functions, the following features are supported:
.Bl -bullet
.It
ANSI colors
.It
Some
.Tn VT220
-like presentation state settings and -reports (DECRSPS), especially
tabulator settings.
.El
.Pp
In most applications,
.Nm
will work sufficiently as a
.Tn VT220
emulator.
.El
.Pp
The
.Va WSEMUL_DEFAULT
kernel option allows selecting one of the described terminal options
as the default choice.
The default goes into effect at kernel startup, i.e.,
for the operating system console or additional screens allocated
through the
.Va WSDISPLAY_DEFAULTSCREENS
option (see
.Xr wsdisplay 4 ) ,
or if no emulation type was passed to the
.Xr wsconscfg 8
utility.
.Pp
.Em Compatibility options :
these options allow running X servers or other programs using low-level
console driver functions which were written specifically for other
console drivers to run on
.Ox
systems.
The options are in particular:
.Bl -tag -width WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_xxxxxxxx
.It Cd WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_USL
Support the protocol for switches between multiple virtual screens on
one display as used by most PC-UNIX variants.
.It Cd WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_RAWKBD
Allows getting raw XT keyboard scancodes from PC keyboards as needed
by i386 X servers.
.It Cd WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_PCVT
Emulates enough of the
.Ox
/ i386
.Dq pcvt
driver to make X servers work.
.It Cd WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_SYSCONS
Emulates enough of the i386
.Fx
.Dq syscons
driver to make X servers work.
Useful with
.Fx
binary emulation.
.El
.Pp
Linux/i386 X servers do usually run if the first two options are
enabled together with the
.Ox
Linux binary emulation.
.Pp
(To have programs looking for device special files of other console drivers
find the
.Nm
driver entry points, symlinks are a helpful measure.)
.Pp
.Em Other options :
.Bl -tag -width 3n
.It Cd option WS_KERNEL_FG=WSCOL_XXX
.It Cd option WS_KERNEL_BG=WSCOL_XXX
.It Cd option \&WS_KERNEL_COLATTR="(WSATTR_XXX | WSATTR_YYY)"
.It Cd option \&WS_KERNEL_MONOATTR="(WSATTR_XXX | WSATTR_YYY)"
Make console output originating from the kernel appear differently
than output from user level programs (via
.Pa /dev/console
or the specific tty
device like
.Pa /dev/ttyC0 ) .
.Dq WS_KERNEL_FG
and
.Dq WS_KERNEL_BG
set the foreground / background used on color displays.
.Pp
The
.Dq WSCOL_XXX
arguments are colors as defined in
.Pa /usr/include/dev/wscons/wsdisplayvar.h .
.Dq WS_KERNEL_COLATTR
and
.Dq WS_KERNEL_MONOATTR
are additional attribute flags used on color or monochrome displays,
respectively.
The arguments are defined in the same header file.
Whether the attributes
are supported or not depends on the actually used graphics adapter.
These options are ignored by the
.Dq dumb
terminal emulation.
.It Cd option WSCOMPAT_USL_SYNCTIMEOUT=nnn
The virtual screen switching protocol enabled by
.Dq WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_USL
uses a somewhat complex handshake protocol to pass control to user programs
as X servers controlling a virtual screen.
To avoid a non-responsive application locking the whole console system, a
screen switch will be rolled back if the user application does not respond
to a screen switch request within some time.
This option sets the timeout (in seconds);
the default value is 5 seconds.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr intro 4 ,
.Xr wsdisplay 4 ,
.Xr wskbd 4 ,
.Xr wsmouse 4 ,
.Xr wsmux 4 ,
.Xr wsconscfg 8 ,
.Xr wsconsctl 8 ,
.Xr wsfontload 8 ,
.Xr wsmoused 8
